A careful analysis of the well-known sources, with assistance from new late medieval iconographic witnesses resolves the contradictions and results in the new model that raises the spring-frame to a vertical position and the torsion bundle to a higher altitude. Resolving all contradictions within the dominant theoretical model that places the horizontal framework on the ground does not seem to be possible. While it is possible that Ammianus did not understand the principles of action of this machine, it is unlikely that he provided an erroneous description, since he personally saw it in action. Attempts to interpret the surviving information and to reconstruct the onager faced numerous contradictions with the text of Ammianus. I believe the Mongols were one of the few civs to use catapults. Originally, the Mongols were going to get a 'mobile siege UU' that didnt need to unpack. All we have at our disposal are fragments from the works of Apollodorus of Damascus (first century C.E.) and Anonymus Byzantinus (tenth century C.E.) with descriptions of machines similar to the μονάγκων as well as the well-known “Digression” by Ammianus Marcellinus. Incidentally, I think Ensemble intended for the Mangonel to be like the Trebuchet line a mostly anti-building siege weapon (like in AoE1) that had to be packed to move and unpacked to fire. No technical manual of this engine, similar to those found in treatises of Philon, Biton, Heron or Vitruvius, is currently known. – became the main stone-thrower of the Roman army of the period of the Dominate under the name of onager. The one-armed torsion throwing machine, μονάγκων – known since the end of the third century B.C.E. Dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Erwin Schramm’s fundamental work "Μονάγκων und Onager".
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